First assignment of group n°038

1.What Problem do you want to solve ?

The "Seventh Continent" also called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch is an island made of plastic, dirt and waste, 6 times larger than France and 30 meters deep. This pollution, invisible from space, is found in five large oceans : in the North Pacific, the South Pacific, the North and the South Atlantic and the Indian ocean.

This continent of plastic involves major environmental issues as well as health issues for animals or even for humans. According to the report “green peace”organization, they found at least 267 kinds of marine life dead due to eating oceans garbage.

We are aware that this problem will be a "bigger problem" in A few years, this is the reason why, as responsible citizens, we want to stop the expansion of the 7th continent by cleaning up beaches and to raise awareness towards this issue.

2. Why does this problem exist?

This problem exists for several reasons :

Firstly, this continent is mainly due to the huge amount of garbage on the beaches. Indeed, 80% of wastes come from beaches, rivers ... And only 20% come from boats. Until then, floating debris was destroyed by micro-organisms, but this is no longer the case with the advent of plastics, mainly polyethylene, polypropylene and PET, which constitute 90% of marine waste. However, these amounts continue to grow. It is estimated that 300 million tons of plastic are produced each year worldwide, with almost 10% end up in the oceans. By 2050, the world population will reach 9,6 billion person. Those, consumption and production of plastic will be a problematic issue in the future, as sustainable solution doesn't exist yet.

Secondly, it is a political reason. Governements are aware of this big issue but are not able to do anything for now because all the solutions proposed were a way too expensive. Also the 7th continent doesn't belong to Ancône, so it is hard to agree on who should clean it up.

Finally, people are not aware enough of this issue. If we do anything right now, problem and will be worth in a few years due to the increase of people's growth end consumption of plastic.

3. What breakthrough are you commited to creating?

We are committed to creating way to limit the growth of the 7th continent that will tackle 3 problems:

• The first one, is to preserve the environment by taking part of the ecological issue that comes from the continent.

• The second one, is to raise population awareness towards this major issue that is the 7th continent. People have to understand that the problem exists and have to comprehend that being careful with waste/recycling is very important for today, but also for the next population.

• At the very end, it will permit, thank to our solution(s), to give ideas to 'energy producer' to use the garbage from the continent to create new kind of energy.

Experts :

• The Ocean Clean Up is an association which develops technologies to extract, prevent and intercept plastic pollution. The Ocean Cleanup’s goal is to fuel the world’s fight against oceanic plastic pollution by initiating the largest cleanup in history. They use crowd funding and succeed to get 2.2 million dollars.

http://www.theoceancleanup.com/about.html

• La fondation Shell, (oil and gas company). This company invests a lot in sustainable development. So, it might interested to invest in our project. The company would invest in a sustainable development project lead by students. This company could be one of our expert as well as our future investors.

http://www.novethic.fr/isr-et-rse/actualite-de-la-rse/isr-rse/la-fondation-shell-investit-pour-un-developpement-durable-99919.html

• Expédition 7° continent. Patrick Deixonne - Head of mission. It is an association with aimes to understand and reduce pollution plastic for an unspoiled planet.

http://www.septiemecontinent.com/actualites/

Resources used by the team

NAME OF THE MEMBER OF THE TEAM	ACCESSED RESOURCES
Margault Lacoste	Videos: Video 1 : Plastic threat to our oceans ? Scientists head the investigation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qcIllBI9iE Video 2 : Expedition 7e Continent - Atlantique Nord Mai 2014 https://vimeo.com/120068683 Video 3 : Le septième continent de plastique ARTE https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=septi%c3%a8me+continent+de+plastique+vid%c3%a9o&FORM=VIRE2#view=detail&mid=D484E414D2CDD8657AB5D484E414D2CDD8657AB5 Book : La Pollution des mers, Jean-Marie PERES Documents: Article 1 : Le 7e continent de plastique : ces tourbillons de déchets dans les océans http://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2012/05/09/le-7e-continent-de-plastique-ces-tourbillons-de-dechets-dans-les-oceans_1696072_3244.html Article 2 : Le 7ème continent : un monstre de plastique http://information.tv5monde.com/info/le-7eme-continent-un-monstre-de-plastique-1863 Article 3 : 4 questions pas si bêtes sur le "septième continent de plastique http://www.francetvinfo.fr/sciences/quatre-questions-pas-si-betes-sur-le-septieme-continent-de-plastique_614865.html Article 4 : Expedition 7ème continent http://www.septiemecontinent.com/ Article 5 : Un roman écolo sur la pollution et le « septième continent » http://rue89.nouvelobs.com/2014/07/05/roman-ecolo-pollution-septieme-continent-253461
Sophie Braize	Videos: Video 1 : How the Oceans Can Clean Themselves: Boyan Slat at TEDxDelft, 2012 http://tedxtalks.ted.com/video/How-the-oceans-can-clean-them-2 Video 2 : Charles Moore of the Algalita Marine Research Foundation first discovered the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, February 2009 http://www.ted.com/talks/capt_charles_moore_on_the_seas_of_plastic Video 3 : Citizen Science Aims to Clean Up Pacific - Lily Whiteman, National Science Foundation | July 28, 2014 11:04am ET http://www.livescience.com/47050-pacific-garbage-patch-citizen-science-nsf-bts.html Book : UNEP Year Book 2011: Emerging Issues in Our Global Environment, Livre 2011 Documents: Article 1 : Great Pacific Garbage Patch / Pacific Trash Vortex http://education.nationalgeographic.com/encyclopedia/great-pacific-garbage-patch/ Article 2 : How the Great Pacific Garbage Patch is Destroying the Oceans and the Future for Marine Life http://www.onegreenplanet.org/environment/great-pacific-garbage-patch-is-destroying-the-oceans/ Article 3 : Choking the Oceans With Plastic, By CHARLES J. MOOREAUG. 25, 2014 http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/26/opinion/choking-the-oceans-with-plastic.html?_r=0 Article 4 : Trash-mapping expedition sheds light on 'Great Pacific Garbage Patch' http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/aug/23/pacific-ocean-plastic-trash-mapping-mission Article 5 : Garage Patch – The Great Pacific Garbage Patch and other pollution issues http://garbagepatch.net
Margaux Leclerq	Videos: Video 1 : Planet 100 : ThePacific Trash Vortex expalined 2010 – Planet Green https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=xc6LvdsyJ4U Video 2 : Catalyst ABCTV – Plastic Oceans 2012 – ABC TV https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwTDvqaqPlM Video 3 : Bali’s Big Eco weekend : Uluwatu Challenge 2014 – Quicksilver https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZEIYuuJodg Book : Océan Alerte Rouge, Pompignan N/Albanel C, Novembre 2014 Documents: Article 1 : 4 questions pas si bêtes sur le 7ème continent. 2014 – France TV Info, Yannick Sanchez http://www.francetvinfo.fr/sciences/quatre-questions-pas-si-betes-sur-le-septieme-continent-de-plastique_614865.html Article 2 : A 7th continent called Pacific Trash Vortex. 2013 – The Global Oyster, Erika Sciarra http://theglobaloyster.com/2013/09/14/a-seventh-continent-called-pacific-trash-vortex/ Article 3 : The 7th continent : Kinetic Islands clean the Great Pacific Garbage Patch 2013 – Evolo, Park Sung-Hee & Na Hye Yeon http://www.evolo.us/competition/the-7th-continent-kinetic-islands-clean-the-great-pacific-garbage-patch/ Article 4 : Un nouveau continent de plastique découvert dans l’Atlantique Nord 2014 – Maxi Sciences, Baptiste Rouch http://www.maxisciences.com/continent-de-plastique/un-nouveau-continent-de-plastique-decouvert-dans-l-039-atlantique-nord_art32837.html Article 5 : The Ocean Clean Up 2013 – Website of the association http://www.theoceancleanup.com/problem.html
Ibrahim Sadafi	Videos: Video 1 : Marine litter - Ocean report https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hEMLqrgEwbg Video 2 : The plastic threat to our oceans ? Scientists head the investigation. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qcIllBI9iE Video 3 : Pacific Garbage Dump- Nightline https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8a4S23uXIcM Book : Outsmart Waste: The Modern Idea of Garbage and How to Think Our Way Out of It - Tom Szaky, Deepak Chopra Documents: Article 1 : A servent continent caller Pacific trash vortex http://theglobaloyster.com/2013/09/14/a-seventh-continent-called-pacific-trash-vortex/ Article 2 : The servent continent - 3,43 million JM2 waste floating in pacific http://www.whatagreenlife.com/seventh-continent-3-43-million-km2-waste-floating-pacific/ Article 3 : Expédition 7E continent 2015 http://www.kisskissbankbank.com/es/projects/expedition-7e-continent-2015?ref=category Article 4 : The 7TH Continent - Musings on the plastic garage project http://www.domusweb.it/en/search.html?type=tag&key=The+Plastic+Garbage+Project Article 5 : A planet browning in plastic : a footing Pacific "garage" patch thé size of wales http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2768849/A-planet-drowning-plastic-A-floating-Pacific-garbage-patch-size-Wales-Seabirds-whales-dying-horrible-deaths-How-addiction-plastic-turning-oceans-toxic.html
Ali Benchemsi	Videos: Video 1 : Expédition 7ème continent : le documentaire http://www.notre-planete.info/actualites/4228-film-expedition-7e-continent Video 2 : Le 7ème continent : un monstre de plastique http://information.tv5monde.com/info/le-7eme-continent-un-monstre-de-plastique-1863 Video 3 : Septième continent http://www.septiemecontinent.com Book : “Une mer propre, mission impossible?: 70 clés pour comprendre les déchets en mer.”- Francois Galgani et Isabelle Poitou Documents: Article 1 : Le septième continent de plastique http://www.unmondedaventures.fr/le-septieme-continent-de-plastique/ Article 2 : Le 7e continent de plastique : ces tourbillons de déchets dans les océans http://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2012/05/09/le-7e-continent-de-plastique-ces-tourbillons-de-dechets-dans-les-oceans_1696072_3244.html Article 3 : La Suède manque de déchets pour fournir ses incinérateurs http://www.rfi.fr/europe/20120619-penurie-dechets-suede Article 4 : Expedition 7ème continent http://www.septiemecontinent.com/ Article 5 : Les déchets plastiques en mer : un 7ème continent ? http://www.futura-sciences.com/magazines/environnement/infos/dossiers/d/environnement-dechets-plastiques-mer-7eme-continent-1898/page/2/
Yue Ou	Videos: Video 1 : How the oceans can clean themselves: boyan slat at TEDxDELT https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ROW9F-c0kIQ Video 2 : Catalyst ABC TV-plastic oceans https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwTDvqaqPlM Video 3 : Charles Moore-the great pacific plastic trash island https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=en4XzfR0FE8 Book : Ocean Pollution,books LLC,2011.08.30 Documents: Article 1 : Plastic debris in the world’s oceans report. http://www.unep.org/regionalseas/marinelitter/publications/docs/plastic_ocean_report.pdf Article 2 : Why is the world’s biggest landfill in the Pacific Ocean? http://dp.davincischools.org/teacher/rvance/files/2014/01/HowStuffWorks-_Effects-of-Plastic-and-the-Great-Pacific-Garbage-Patch_-copy.pdf Article 3 : The 8th continent: Pacific Ocean garbage patch http://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/wilderness-resources/blogs/the-8th-continent-pacific-ocean-garbage-patch Article 4 : Pacific Ocean garbage patch, the continent of garbage http://hubpages.com/hub/Pacific-Ocean-Garbage-Patch- Article 5 : Afloat in the Ocean, Expanding Islands of Trash http://ww.greenrock.org/images/stories/new_york_times_article.pdf
Yanli Fu	Videos: Video 1 : Trash Continent https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=io1wo8LoV6E&app=desktop Video 2 : R4WO - Scientific stop Ester Island https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3WrtQUqkQcw#action=share Video 3 : Expedition 7e Continent - Atlantique Nord Mai 2014 https://vimeo.com/120068683 Book : Gyre: The Plastic Ocean‬ , Julie Decker ‪Harry N. Abrams, 8 avr. 2014 - 211 pages‬‬ Documents: Article 1 : The “the seventh continent of plastic” http://livingcircular.veolia.com/en/did-you-know/seventh-continent-plastic Article 2 : Plastic Garage Gyre http://www.plasticgarbageproject.org/en/plastic-garbage/problems/plastic-garbage-gyre/ Article 3 : The Seventh Continent: 3.43 million km2 of waste floating off the Pacific http://www.whatagreenlife.com/seventh-continent-3-43-million-km2-waste-floating-pacific/ Article 4 : Can plastic rubbish be removed from the world's oceans? https://www.quora.com/Can-plastic-rubbish-be-removed-from-the-worlds-oceans Article 5 : “Disenchanted”: Easter Island – A Paradise Devastated by Plastic Pollution http://voices.nationalgeographic.com/2015/06/02/disenchanted-easter-island-a-paradise-devastated-by-plastic-pollution/