Video from group n° 118

==Welcome to the webpage of group 118==

The topic we have decided to explore is the following :
The topic of our video is the Brain Drain Process concerning the African continent. In it we explain what is this phenomenon and its issues for the country of birth of the qualified intellectuals concerned. Then we offer ideas of solutions and implementations that could change the way we think about brain drain.

Our video

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Our paper

Brain is the migration of qualified workers from the South countries to developed ones. It concerns every sector of activity, every kind of professionals, such as engineers, technicians, finance specialists, medical professionals, students ... According to the International Organization for Migration, about one third of Africans professionals have left the continent which represents over 10 millions Africa mini diasporas. For instance, the proportion of highly educated people residing in OCDE countries was significant for Tonga around 46%.

For our project, we focused on high educated intellectuals leaving the African continent for more developed countries. To be clear, our work is aiming an investigation on the subject contributing to change the connotation surrounding the Brain Drain process, getting further away stereotypes.

Why do these high-qualified workers decided to leave their country? What are the causes? There are several which lead the intellectuals to leave their country of birth. First of all, the technological and economical development of the Northern countries occurred rapidly during the 1960s. A raise in demand from the developed countries was answered by the qualified labour-force of the ones in development. People from the southern hemisphere were already hoping to reach higher ways of living in northern countries.

At the scale of the country itself, developed countries offer a higher level of life as is indicated by their DHI. Their political situation is usually much better. Indeed, the political context in under-developed countries is surrounded by conflicts, wars... Concerning education, students who would like to stay in their country of origin don't always find the formation they want. Individuals willing to go further in their studies are facing the obligation to move away.

In Northern countries there are many types of schools and universities (business, engineering, ...), which offer specializations, like marketing, communication, finance. Moreover, are in a world where it is more and more common to move and travel through our lives and careers.

Students migrating to better-developed countries cost around 1.5 billion euros per year whereas the host country would gain 2 billions euros out of it.

On a human scale, career perspectives are more likely to suit every profile in northern countries. Chance for high intellectuals to get a job in the specific field of expertise may exist but without being that well remunerated. Salaries are much more higher in Northern countries compared to those in development.

It is much easier to find a job in Northern countries than in Southern ones. Indeed it is a matter of different scales implication. A campaign of sensitization would be a good start, if supported by the governments and other forms of associations. The aim being to reach the individuals as closely as possible.